Biyo-Tek Günlüğüm…

Mendel’s Experiments

Useful Features in Peas

1. Several traits of the garden pea exist in two clearly different forms.

2. The male and female reproductive parts of garden peas are enclosed within the same flower. This allows you to easily control mating.
3. The garden pea is small, grows easily, matures quickly, and produces many offspring

Mendel initially studied each characteristic and its contrasting traits individually. He began by growing plants that were true-breeding for each trait. Plants that are true-breeding, or pure, for a trait always produce offspring with that trait when they self-pollinate.

true_breeding1

Mendel cross-pollinated pairs of plants that were true-breeding for contrasting traits of a single characteristic. He called the truebreeding parents the P generation.

When the plants matured, Mendel recorded the number of each type of offspring produced by each cross. He called the offspring of the P generation the first filial generation, or F1 generation.

mendels_experiments

Mendel's studies resulted in two important laws:

The Law of Segregation

The law of segregation, states that the two alleles for a trait segregate (separate) when gametes are formed during meiosis (cell division)

segregation

The Law of Independent Assortment

The random separation of homologous chromosomes is called independent assortment. The law of independent assortment states that the alleles of different genes separate independently of one another during gamete formation.

independent_assortment

Mendel's Conclusions

mendels_conclusions